Other than mothers and their offspring, individuals generally sleep alone.Ĭhimpanzees travel in groups which occupy a general home range. They are made from leaves or other forest materials, and can include a covering on top and a platform on bottom. Chimps make beds or nests, always newly constructed. When at rest, during night or day, individuals almost always rest in the trees. Throughout this article, all three subspecies are collectively referred to as chimpanzees.Ĭhimpanzee habitat is mainly tropical rainforest, mixed forest-savanna, and mountain forest. Pan troglodytes verus is found from Gambia to the Niger River, Pan troglodytes troglodytes is found from the Niger River to the Congo River, and Pan troglodytes schweinfurthi is found from the Northwest corner of the Democratic Republic of the Congo into Western Uganda and Tanzania.
There are three recognized subspecies of the common chimpanzee, all of which are native to the Africa. They problem solve, can abstract and generalize, can plan ahead and remember past events. In the wild as well as in captivity, chimps are known to acquire information as a result of experience. To further support this theory, chimps have been observed using particular plants at times when the medicinal value of the plants would be high, such as times of the year when parasitic infections are common, or after an individual chimp has appeared to be ill. People indigenous to the areas in which chimps are found use the same plants that chimps do to treat illnesses such as stomachache, headaches, and parasitic infections. Wild chimpanzees are also believed to use plants as medicines.
It is widely known that wild chimpanzees modify tools they use them as fishing sticks, napkins, sponges and hammers. Researchers have found that chimpanzees prey upon other monkeys for meat chimp males cooperatively hunt larger primates, such as colobus monkeys and baboons, as well as other mammals.Ĭhimpanzees have high cognitive development.
These diseases, as well as infections resulting from injury, can be lethal.Ĭhimpanzees are omnivorous, but eat mainly fruit and vegetation. A polio epidemic spread to and decimated the chimp population at the Gombe Stream National Park in the 1970s.
#Chimpanzee scientific name skin#
During the rainy season, they may suffer from respiratory diseases, and at any time may be plagued by conditions also suffered by humans, such as gastrointestinal problems, skin ulcers, goiters, and osteoarthritis. They are generally knuckle walkers, but individuals occasionally walk bipedally, often during displays of aggression or intimidation.Ĭhimps live to 40-60 years of age. Their long hands and fingers and short thumbs, able to curl around branches, are useful in this mode of travel. They are brachiators, meaning they are able to travel by swinging across tree limbs and branches. Although it is smaller than the common chimp, the former name is thought to refer to the term used for Africans that share the bonobo range.Ĭhimpanzees have arms that are about 1.5 times their height. The bonobo ( Pan paniscus ), sometimes referred to as the pygmy chimpanzee, is now almost always recognized as its own species, though very closely related to the common chimpanzee. As they age, both sexes can develop graying and/or thinning hair. Juvenile chimps can usually be identified by paler faces and white tufts of hair on the rump, which they lose around the age of 5. Skin color ranges generally from pale brown to black skinned, and their bodies are covered with black hair. Chimpanzees stand erect at 1-1.7 meters tall, and weigh from 26-70 kilograms (males average 34-70 kgs, females average 26-50 kgs).
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